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Most are aware of the Netherlands and their lax legal stance regarding drugs and prostitution, but does the country take the same lenient approach regarding gambling?

Until recently, online gambling was illegal in the country, with the government going to great lengths to restrict even the best online gambling sites from accepting bets from Dutch nationals. However, the legal landscape has changed. Read on to learn the latest about the Netherlands' stance on gambling.

Gambling regulations in netherlands

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The legal basis for Netherlands gambling activities is the Betting and Gaming Act, which defines games of chance as 'an opportunity to compete for prizes or premiums if the winners are designated using any calculation of probability over which the participants are generally unable to exercise a dominant influence.' Note that there is no mention of any stake.

Like in other jurisdictions worldwide, Netherlands gambling regulation varies from one type of betting to the next. First, land-based gambling at casinos and sports betting shops in the country has been legal for many years. On the other hand, online forms of gambling have been illegal until very recently, with new provisions for the activity finally making it into law in 2021. Let's see what the legislation says regarding the various types of gambling in the Netherlands.

Casino Games

Land-based casino gaming is provided by the state-owned Holland Casino, which has had a monopoly on the activity since it started in the 1970s. There are currently 14 venues in operation across the country. Aside from casinos, various slot machine arcades exist in the Netherlands, including cafes and restaurants where over 18s can enjoy a wide range of games.

In terms of online casino gaming, historically, the Netherlands went to great lengths to prevent offshore gambling companies from accepting bets from Dutch residents while at the same time failing to provide any homegrown options for the country's appetite. This remained the case until very recently, when, in April 2021, the Act was finally amended to include a provision for online casino gaming through licensing of remote gambling companies.

Online casino gaming, specifically RNG-based and live table games and online casino slots is now legal in the Netherlands as a result, provided the operator holds a licence issued by the Netherlands Gaming Authority.

Poker

Since there is an element of chance in the game, poker falls under the definition of gambling in the country's Betting and Gaming Act and is subject to the Netherlands licensing requirements. Though Dutch players have, in the past, found it relatively easy to access online poker games via the numerous offshore betting companies, changes to the law mean players can now legally play poker games at licensed sites.

Bingo

Bingo is an interesting case in the Netherlands in that the game is classed as either short or long odds, with only short odds games permitted under current laws in the country. Again, Dutch players looking for either type of bingo game have generally had very little problem finding bingo casinos online at which to play these games.

Lotteries

The gambling scene in the Netherlands is a mix of private and state-owned companies, with many private companies offering what is classed as 'good causes lotteries.' Still, the law states these operators are not permitted to profit from their activities. Until 2016, private company De Lotto offered the state lottery, lotto, and instant lottery games. At that point, Staatsloterij took it over to become Nederlandse Loterij, a publicly owned company.

The law prohibits Dutch players from betting on online lotteries, even with the most recent amendments to the Act. However, that doesn't stop many players from accessing online lottery games for real money at the many available online casinos.

eSports

While esports betting is generally allowed, it seemed certain esports themselves could be caught up in the country's unique definition of gambling…

In March 2022, the popular sport FIFA 22's side game mode FIFA Ultimate Team was the subject of clarification in that while the game is free to play, the ability to win packs (aka loot boxes) might constitute a prize of value as is defined in the Betting and Gaming Act, which could technically class the game as one of chance and therefore subject to regulation and licensing. However, it was successfully argued that since the packs cannot be viewed independently separate from the game, they can't be classed as games of chance in their own right.

Sportsbet laws

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Netherlands gambling regulation for online sports betting sees a single licence covering fixed odds sports betting, part-mutual betting, live sports betting, horse racing betting, virtual sports betting (RNG-based), esports betting, fantasy sports betting and exchange betting.

Land-based sports betting has been available in the Netherlands for many years. Two entities offer it: Lotto BV, under the state-owned Nederlandse Loterij, for sports betting, and ZEbetting & Gaming Nederland BV, for horse racing betting.

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Both online and land-based gambling are restricted to those aged 18 years or over in the Netherlands.

Tax Regulation

According to the Netherlands gambling taxation regulation, players are liable for a tax of 29% on their winnings from both licensed and unlicensed gambling. Tax must be calculated monthly, and players cannot offset losses against subsequent months' winnings.

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Online gambling was strictly prohibited in the Netherlands until the government announced in March 2011 that reforms would be made to create an online gambling market. The idea was to protect Dutch nationals from online gambling, mostly on unlicensed foreign sites.

The new legislation and framework were expected to be launched in 2015, but it wasn't until April 2021 that the Netherlands Gaming Authority was finally set up to start accepting licence applications. This paved the way for the country's legal online casino gaming, sports betting and horse racing betting. The Netherlands Gaming Authority has issued 18 licences, with many more on the way.

Key facts

Key Facts

Here's a rundown of the key points regarding online gambling in the Netherlands:

  • Sports betting, including fixed odds, pari-mutuel, pre-match, live, exchange, virtual and fantasy, is allowed to be offered by licensed operators.
  • Casino gaming, including table games, slots and online live casino games, is allowed to be offered by licensed operators.
  • Horse racing betting is allowed to be offered by licensed operators.
  • eSports betting is allowed to be offered by licensed operators (subject to meeting specific criteria).
  • Betting on online lotteries, long odds bingo, spreads, and non-sports events is still prohibited.
Giuseppe Faraone
Author & Online Gambling Expert Giuseppe Faraone verified symbol
Based in Valencia, Spain, Giuseppe gave up Milan for sunny shores. New licenses, new casinos, new bonuses, new games - there's always something to write about. Being so close to the action in the gambling industry, he's on top of any new developments the minute they come through the door. Aiming to deliver updates and comprehensive information to you, he does his best to test out and rate what he reviews thoroughly. Giuseppe is also a book writer. In October 2022, he published his first book called The Untold Story of Online Gambling, available on Amazon.
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